1885 - Vienna Exhibition and Dresden Exhibition for small trade
Steam engines
The reports from the 1885 Vienna Exhibition and the Dresden Exhibition for small trade give a comparison of sizes, power consumption and prices as well as for steam engines and for gas engines.
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| Exhibitor | horse power | fuel | fuel per horse power and hour | efficiency | sales price [Mark] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. Berger / Pulsnitz | 1.15 | soft coal | 8.70 kg | 2.3 % | 1275 |
| U. Pornitz / Chemnitz (Lilienthal patent) | 1.32 | coke | 4.78 kg | 1.9 % | 1800 |
| Beyer and Zetsche/Plauen | 1.38 | hard coal | 10.9 kg | 0.8 % | 1550 |
| Vogel and Schlegel / Dresden | 2.06 | coke | 3.53 kg | 2.6 % | 1425 |
| Ad. Altmann und Co. /Berlin | 2.89 | hard coal | 5.85 kg | 1.5 % | 2400 |
| Ad. Altmann und Co. /Berlin | 3.81 | hard coal | 5.07 kg | 1.8% | 2400 |
| Sächsische Dampfschiff- und Maschinenbauanstalt / Dresden | 7.50 | hard coal | 3.67 kg | 2.4 % | 3000 |
The calculation of the efficiency rate is based on a heating value for soft coal of 13.5 MJ/kg; hard coal 29.7 MJ/kg; and coke 28.7 MJ/kg. It is astonishing how much the efficiency rate varies between the different manufacturers. The steam engines listed here provide relatively little power and probably the efficiency is much smaller then for more powerful steam engines.
In order to understand the price of the steam engine we can compare it to a day laborer was in Munich at the time about 1 Mark per day. The yearly salary of an engineer or a veterinarian was about 2000 Mark and that of a high school teacher about 2700 Mark per year.
Four stroke gas engines
For a comparison two four stroke gas engines were tested:
| Manufacturer | horse power | gas consumption per horse power and hour | weight | efficiency | sales price [Mark] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gasmotorenfabrik Deutz / Deutz | 2.72 | 0.96 | 900 kg | 15.8% | 2250 |
| Gebrüder Körting / Hannover | 4.12 | 1.06 | 775 kg | 15.1 % | 2300 |
| Körting-Lieckfeld | 4 | - | 515 | - | 1500 |
For the calculation of the efficiency a heating value of 17.5 MJ/cubic meter was assumed.
source: Dingler's polytechnisches Journal, 1885, Band 255, "Die Prüfergebnisse der Motoren auf der Wiener Ausstellung für das Kleingewerbe bez. auf der Dresdener Ausstellung für Handwerkstechnik", Seiten 393-399